Chapter #27: Identifications
Richard Olney- Sec. of State under Pres. Cleveland, provoke an affair with Britain involving the monroe’s just hospital, would control west side 17 longer.
Alfred Thayer Mahan – wrote The Influence of Sea Power upon History, control of sea=world dominance, stimulated naval race
Valeriano Weyler -“Butcher”, Spanish general who crushed the Cuban rebellion of insurgents who wanted to drive out Spanish overlords; herded as many civilians to stop them from assisting the insurrectos
de Lome Letter –private written by Spanish minitster that as published in Hearts’ Journal, badmouthed Pres. Mckliney
Emilio Aguinaldo –commander of Filipino insurgents at Manila, from exile in Asia to weaken Spanish resistance
Jingoism – use of threats to get what the country wants
Teller Amendment-proviso that said that when the US overthrew the Spanish Cuba would be free
Rough Riders –part of American invading army against spanish; volunteers, short on discipline, western cowboys, ex-polo/ ex-convict, organized by TR to be lieutenant
Anti-Imperialist League-opposed to Mckinleyl’s ideas of imperialism,
Foraker Act- Puerto Rico would get limited degree of popular government
Insular cases – supreme court decided that a flag will outrun the constitution
Platt Amendment –Cuba under American control, forced not to agree with other treaties with other countries, no debt beyond, US can intervene when they feel it is necessary
Spheres of Influence field of international relations
Philippine Insurrection-filipinos rebelling against their American masters after the spanish-american war
Open Door Policy –respect certain chinese rights and be fair in competition
Boxer Rebellion-: trained in marshall arts, revolted, killed 200 foreigners and 2000 $$
Big Stick Policy –use military force and threats in order to achieve what you want like TR and his foreign all the steps
Roosevelt Corollary –“preventive intervention” future finanaciali malfeasance by the Latin American nations, US would intervene, pay off debts, and keep Europe at bay
Portsmouth Conference –peace conference between the Russo-Japanese that settled the dispute
Gentlemen’s Agreement – Tokyo agreed to stop the flow of laborers coming in, too small
Root-Takahira Agreement –US and Japan will both respect each other’s territorial possessions in the Pacific and follow the Open door policy in China
Chapter #27: Identifications
America Turns Outward
Know: Josiah Strong, Alfred Mahan, Richard Olney, British Guiana, Great Rapprochement
1. What factors caused America to turn its attention to the world beyond her borders?
-farmers and factory owners looked to oversea markets
-Joseph Pulitzer and William Hearst- “yellow press” described foreign exploits as manly adventures
-Reverend Josiah Strong’s Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, looked overseas for new souls to convert, spread religion to backwards people
-TR and Henry Cabot Lodge interpreted Darwinism to mean that the earth belonged to the strong – Americans
-Africa being taken in a colonial scramble
-Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan: The Influence of Sea Power upon History, control of sea=world dominance, stimulated naval race
-
Spurning the Hawaiian Pear
Know: Queen Liliuokalani
2. Why did President Cleveland not want to annex Hawaii?
-believed that America had wronged the deposed Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani and her people, later investigation revealed that the natives didn’t want annexation, only private industries were interested in its annexation
Cubans Rise in Revolt
Know: General Weyler
3. What was happening in Cuba that caused Americans to be concerned?
Cubans rose in rebellion against Spanish overlords by torching the cane-fields and sugar mills
Dewey's May Day Victory at Manila
Know: Teddy Roosevelt, George Dewey
4. Why did Commodore Dewey have such an easy victory over the Spanish fleet at the Philippines?
-Dewey sailed to harbor of Manila w/ 6 hardships with the negative at 10 min Spanish return
The Confused Invasion of Cuba
Know: Rough Riders, Teddy Roosevelt, San Juan Hill
5. Describe the fighting in Cuba.
-led by General Shafter (very fat man), American fleet easily blockaded Spanish fleet, troops unequipped
-“The Rough Riders”- part of the invading army, made up of volunteers, mostly cowboys; commanded by Colonel Leonard Wood
-landed to confusion in Santiago, little opposition
America's Course (Curse?) of Empire
Know: Anti-Imperialist League
6. What were the arguments for and against the annexation of the Philippines?
For: could not give back islands to Spanish misrule, turning back on responsibilities in a cowardly way, Filipinos may fall to anarchy, Germany or Japan might snatch them
Against: ethnically diverse, isolationsim
Makers of America: The Puerto Ricans
7. How has U.S. citizenship caused Puerto Ricans to be different from other immigrants?
Given citizenship, they eliminated immigration hurdles, allowing them to go north to look for jobs.
Perplexities in Puerto Rico and Cuba
Know: Insular Cases, General Leonard Wood, Walter Reed, Platt Amendment, Guantanamo
8. Describe American treatment of Cuba after the Spanish-American War.
-limited degree of popular government as said by the Foraker Act
-U.S. citizenship with withheld self-rule
-military government set up in American style :yellow fever
-withdrew troops, recommend these to stop between countries
-Platt amendment: no treaties with other countries, no debt beyond what is allowed, US could intervene whenever they feel like it.
New Horizons in Two Hemispheres
9. What were the outcomes of the Spanish-American War?
-imperialistic, fruit at their grasp, American prestige rose sharply, gain of territory
"Little Brown Brothers" in the Philippines
Know: William Howard Taft, Benevolent Assimilation
10. In what way do the Philippines show the good and bad sides of American imperialism?
-washington excluded he Philippines from peace negotiations
-sporadic fighting: dragged on for many months, “water cure”
-“little brown brothers”, improve roads, sanitation, public health
Hinging the Open Door in China
Know: Boxer Rebellion
11. Was American involvement in China beneficial to China?
“Open Door” policy- great powers had to respect certain Chinese rights and had to have fair competition
-Chinese not told about this, did not want to be a doormat
-Boxer Rebellion: trained in marshall arts, revolted, killed 200 foreigners and 2000 $$
-not really involved in China that is beneficial –both to society
Makers of America: The Filipinos
12. Were Filipino immigrants welcomed with open arms in America? Explain.
-they were not welcomed because the U.S. had just gotten possession of the country and many of the citizens could not tolerate them
Imperialism or Bryanism in 1900?
13. What issues were important in the 1900 election?
- safety, protection, commun sense, imperialism or no?
-McKinely won
TR: Brandisher of the Big Stick
Know: Big Stick, Bully Pulpit
14. Give evidence to show that Teddy Roosevelt was an unconventional president?
-graduated from Harvard, ranch owner, high-energy electrifying, very personable, mixed with all ranks
Building the Panama Canal
Know: Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, Philippe Bunau-Varilla, George Washington Goethals, William C. Gorgas
15. Why was the Panama route chosen for the canal?
-would take a shorter time to get to one ocean to another, Oregon took too long to sail around the tip , easier to defend recent acquisitions
TR's Perversion of Monroe's Doctrine
Know: Roosevelt Corollary, Dominican Republic, Bad Neighbor
16. Explain the similarities and differences between the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary?
-both tell other countries to stay away, keep them at bay
-different in that the Roosevelt corollary said that any future malfeasance by the Lat American nations.
Roosevelt on the World Stage
Know: Russo-Japanese War, Portsmouth
17. How did Teddy Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize?
-resolved issue between Japan and Europe- Japan had to drop demands for cash indemnity an Russian evacuation
-international conference at Algeiras, Spain to mediate North African fights
Japanese Laborers in California
Know: Gentlemen’s Agreement, Great White Fleet
18. How did a school board in California act in a way that first hurt and then helped American-Japanese relations?
-segregation of Asians to different classroom
Gentlemne’s agreement: Tokyo had to stop inflow of immigrants to American mainland
-
Varying Viewpoints: Why did America Become a World Power?
19. What caused America's foray into imperialism? Defend your opinion.
-economic expanision at home: allows for increased industrial product and more raw material.
-seek outer markerts
Richard Olney- Sec. of State under Pres. Cleveland, provoke an affair with Britain involving the monroe’s just hospital, would control west side 17 longer.
Alfred Thayer Mahan – wrote The Influence of Sea Power upon History, control of sea=world dominance, stimulated naval race
Valeriano Weyler -“Butcher”, Spanish general who crushed the Cuban rebellion of insurgents who wanted to drive out Spanish overlords; herded as many civilians to stop them from assisting the insurrectos
de Lome Letter –private written by Spanish minitster that as published in Hearts’ Journal, badmouthed Pres. Mckliney
Emilio Aguinaldo –commander of Filipino insurgents at Manila, from exile in Asia to weaken Spanish resistance
Jingoism – use of threats to get what the country wants
Teller Amendment-proviso that said that when the US overthrew the Spanish Cuba would be free
Rough Riders –part of American invading army against spanish; volunteers, short on discipline, western cowboys, ex-polo/ ex-convict, organized by TR to be lieutenant
Anti-Imperialist League-opposed to Mckinleyl’s ideas of imperialism,
Foraker Act- Puerto Rico would get limited degree of popular government
Insular cases – supreme court decided that a flag will outrun the constitution
Platt Amendment –Cuba under American control, forced not to agree with other treaties with other countries, no debt beyond, US can intervene when they feel it is necessary
Spheres of Influence field of international relations
Philippine Insurrection-filipinos rebelling against their American masters after the spanish-american war
Open Door Policy –respect certain chinese rights and be fair in competition
Boxer Rebellion-: trained in marshall arts, revolted, killed 200 foreigners and 2000 $$
Big Stick Policy –use military force and threats in order to achieve what you want like TR and his foreign all the steps
Roosevelt Corollary –“preventive intervention” future finanaciali malfeasance by the Latin American nations, US would intervene, pay off debts, and keep Europe at bay
Portsmouth Conference –peace conference between the Russo-Japanese that settled the dispute
Gentlemen’s Agreement – Tokyo agreed to stop the flow of laborers coming in, too small
Root-Takahira Agreement –US and Japan will both respect each other’s territorial possessions in the Pacific and follow the Open door policy in China
Chapter #27: Identifications
America Turns Outward
Know: Josiah Strong, Alfred Mahan, Richard Olney, British Guiana, Great Rapprochement
1. What factors caused America to turn its attention to the world beyond her borders?
-farmers and factory owners looked to oversea markets
-Joseph Pulitzer and William Hearst- “yellow press” described foreign exploits as manly adventures
-Reverend Josiah Strong’s Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, looked overseas for new souls to convert, spread religion to backwards people
-TR and Henry Cabot Lodge interpreted Darwinism to mean that the earth belonged to the strong – Americans
-Africa being taken in a colonial scramble
-Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan: The Influence of Sea Power upon History, control of sea=world dominance, stimulated naval race
-
Spurning the Hawaiian Pear
Know: Queen Liliuokalani
2. Why did President Cleveland not want to annex Hawaii?
-believed that America had wronged the deposed Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani and her people, later investigation revealed that the natives didn’t want annexation, only private industries were interested in its annexation
Cubans Rise in Revolt
Know: General Weyler
3. What was happening in Cuba that caused Americans to be concerned?
Cubans rose in rebellion against Spanish overlords by torching the cane-fields and sugar mills
Dewey's May Day Victory at Manila
Know: Teddy Roosevelt, George Dewey
4. Why did Commodore Dewey have such an easy victory over the Spanish fleet at the Philippines?
-Dewey sailed to harbor of Manila w/ 6 hardships with the negative at 10 min Spanish return
The Confused Invasion of Cuba
Know: Rough Riders, Teddy Roosevelt, San Juan Hill
5. Describe the fighting in Cuba.
-led by General Shafter (very fat man), American fleet easily blockaded Spanish fleet, troops unequipped
-“The Rough Riders”- part of the invading army, made up of volunteers, mostly cowboys; commanded by Colonel Leonard Wood
-landed to confusion in Santiago, little opposition
America's Course (Curse?) of Empire
Know: Anti-Imperialist League
6. What were the arguments for and against the annexation of the Philippines?
For: could not give back islands to Spanish misrule, turning back on responsibilities in a cowardly way, Filipinos may fall to anarchy, Germany or Japan might snatch them
Against: ethnically diverse, isolationsim
Makers of America: The Puerto Ricans
7. How has U.S. citizenship caused Puerto Ricans to be different from other immigrants?
Given citizenship, they eliminated immigration hurdles, allowing them to go north to look for jobs.
Perplexities in Puerto Rico and Cuba
Know: Insular Cases, General Leonard Wood, Walter Reed, Platt Amendment, Guantanamo
8. Describe American treatment of Cuba after the Spanish-American War.
-limited degree of popular government as said by the Foraker Act
-U.S. citizenship with withheld self-rule
-military government set up in American style :yellow fever
-withdrew troops, recommend these to stop between countries
-Platt amendment: no treaties with other countries, no debt beyond what is allowed, US could intervene whenever they feel like it.
New Horizons in Two Hemispheres
9. What were the outcomes of the Spanish-American War?
-imperialistic, fruit at their grasp, American prestige rose sharply, gain of territory
"Little Brown Brothers" in the Philippines
Know: William Howard Taft, Benevolent Assimilation
10. In what way do the Philippines show the good and bad sides of American imperialism?
-washington excluded he Philippines from peace negotiations
-sporadic fighting: dragged on for many months, “water cure”
-“little brown brothers”, improve roads, sanitation, public health
Hinging the Open Door in China
Know: Boxer Rebellion
11. Was American involvement in China beneficial to China?
“Open Door” policy- great powers had to respect certain Chinese rights and had to have fair competition
-Chinese not told about this, did not want to be a doormat
-Boxer Rebellion: trained in marshall arts, revolted, killed 200 foreigners and 2000 $$
-not really involved in China that is beneficial –both to society
Makers of America: The Filipinos
12. Were Filipino immigrants welcomed with open arms in America? Explain.
-they were not welcomed because the U.S. had just gotten possession of the country and many of the citizens could not tolerate them
Imperialism or Bryanism in 1900?
13. What issues were important in the 1900 election?
- safety, protection, commun sense, imperialism or no?
-McKinely won
TR: Brandisher of the Big Stick
Know: Big Stick, Bully Pulpit
14. Give evidence to show that Teddy Roosevelt was an unconventional president?
-graduated from Harvard, ranch owner, high-energy electrifying, very personable, mixed with all ranks
Building the Panama Canal
Know: Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, Philippe Bunau-Varilla, George Washington Goethals, William C. Gorgas
15. Why was the Panama route chosen for the canal?
-would take a shorter time to get to one ocean to another, Oregon took too long to sail around the tip , easier to defend recent acquisitions
TR's Perversion of Monroe's Doctrine
Know: Roosevelt Corollary, Dominican Republic, Bad Neighbor
16. Explain the similarities and differences between the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary?
-both tell other countries to stay away, keep them at bay
-different in that the Roosevelt corollary said that any future malfeasance by the Lat American nations.
Roosevelt on the World Stage
Know: Russo-Japanese War, Portsmouth
17. How did Teddy Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize?
-resolved issue between Japan and Europe- Japan had to drop demands for cash indemnity an Russian evacuation
-international conference at Algeiras, Spain to mediate North African fights
Japanese Laborers in California
Know: Gentlemen’s Agreement, Great White Fleet
18. How did a school board in California act in a way that first hurt and then helped American-Japanese relations?
-segregation of Asians to different classroom
Gentlemne’s agreement: Tokyo had to stop inflow of immigrants to American mainland
-
Varying Viewpoints: Why did America Become a World Power?
19. What caused America's foray into imperialism? Defend your opinion.
-economic expanision at home: allows for increased industrial product and more raw material.
-seek outer markerts